The relationships of group sizes, space allowances and paddock topography to social behavior in grazing cattle after grouping with introduced animals.

DOI 15 References
  • KONDO S.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University
  • YASUE T.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University
  • OGAWA K.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University
  • NAKATUJI H.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University
  • OKUBO M.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University
  • ASAHIDA Y.
    Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University:(Present address)Faculty of Agriculture, Ibaraki University

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  • 放牧牛郡に新たに牛を加えた後の社会行動の変化と郡構成頭数, 牧区面積および地形の関係

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Abstract

To determine the relationships difference of group sizes, space allowances and paddock topography to the social behavior in grazing cattle after grouping with introduced animals, behavioral observations were done on two grazing herds. The one group had 32 Hereford steers and heifers (12-15 mo. old) and had been grazed in a paddock of 0.27ha/animal with a small hill and small valleys. The other group was of 18 Hereford steers and heifers (9-12 mo. old) grazed in paddock of a 0.12ha/animal with a relative flat topographical aspect. Each 5 Holstein heifers (5-14 mo. old) were adding to each group and consecutive 24 hr observations were done on days 1,3,5 and 7 in both groups (groups 37 and 23). In group 37,introduced animals showed longer grazing time and sub-group formations at day 1,though these difference was disappeared after day 3. Agonistic encounter in group 37 was the most frequent in day 3,but observed low frequency in days 5 and 7,while, in group 23,the most frequent encounters was observed in day I but relative low in days 3,5 and 7. In both groups, social positions of introduced animals were low through observations. Non-physical agonistic encounters in group 37 showed high proportions in days 5 and 7,though they occupied low proportions through observations in group 23. Consequently, changes of behavior after grouping in group 23 was rapid but not so stable as group 37 which was grouped in larger group size and space allowance of the paddock with a complicated topography.Jpn. J. Livest. Management, 30(3) : 63-68. 1994. Accepted July 18,1994.

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