食品の大きさと硬さが開口量ならびにそしゃく筋活動量に及ぼす影響

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  • Effects of Food Bolus Size and Hardness on Jaw Opening Size and Masticatory Muscle Activities.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the control mechanisms of jaw opening size and masticatory muscle activity affected by food bolus size and hardness in the early phase of mastication. Five healthy subjects participated in the study. Sphere-shaped gelatin with five different sizes and three different hardnesses were used.<BR>Electromyographic activity (EMG) of bilateral masseter, anterior temporal muscles, and jaw movement were recorded simultaneously during mastication. Three-dimensional jaw opening size and integrated EMGs at each stroke was computed. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey test were used for statistical analysis.<BR>The results indicated that the number of chewing strokes from ingestion to swallowing was significantly dependent on both food bolus size and hardness (p<0.05). Significant increase of jaw opening size at each chewing stroke in the early phase of mastication was observed for larger bolus sizes irrespective of food hardness (p<0.01). However, food hardness did not affect jaw opening size. Muscle activities were high for increasing bolus size and hardness. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in nearly all strokes for bolus size, but less for hardness. These findings suggested that jaw opening size and masticatory muscle activity was differently affected by food bolus size and hardness respectively.

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