Multibell and block anchor capacities in sand.

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  • Multibell and Block Anchor Capacities i

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For the support of retaining structures, the use of anchors is often requied. A sizeable number of these are either block anchors or multibell anchors with the enlargement of the section at predetermined locations. The pullout capacity of a block anchor normally depends very much on the peripherial friction on its shaft whereas that of a multibell anchor is predominantly dependent on the earth pressures on the faces of the bells. A laboratory-scale investigation was undertaken to study the effect of anchor length on friction, and therefore pullout capacity, on horizontal block and multibell anchors at different embedment depths in sand. The behaviour of multibel and block anchors in purely granular soils was also investigated by means of a two-dimensional pin model analogy and the patterns of the soil flow at failure were qualitatively examined in line with classical plasticity theories. Results obtained from tests in sand showed that for anchor lengths up to forty diameters, the shaft friction of a block anchor increases linearly at each embedment depth considered. A factor α applied to relate the measured friction with that obtained analytically was constant for lengths exceeding a minimum at each depth. α increased sharply for decreasing lengths less than this minimum. The increase in capacity of the multibell anchor was compared with that of a block anchor. A factor β which was the ratio of the multibell friction to block friction was found to be constant for lengths greater than the minima above. For decreasing lengths less than the minima, β decreased.

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