Induction of Micronuclei in CHO Cells by Bleomycin but not by X-irradiation is Decreased by Treatment with HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

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  • IWASHITA Junji
    Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University School of Medicine
  • KODAMA Seiji
    Division of Radiation Biology and Health Science, Research Center for Radiation and Radioisotopes, Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka Prefecture University
  • NAKASHIMA Mikiro
    Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University School of Medicine
  • SASAKI Hitoshi
    Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University School of Medicine
  • TANIYAMA Kotaro
    Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
  • WATANABE Masami
    Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Divison of Radiation Life Science, Research Reactor Insutitute, Kyoto University

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Abstract

We investigated the effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, pravastatin and fluvastatin, on the induction of micronuclei by ionizing radiation or bleomycin in Chinese hamster ovary cells in order to assess the radical-scavenging ability of these inhibitors. The results indicated that both pravastatin and fluvastatin had no effect on the induction of micronuclei by X-irradiation when they were applied for either pre-treatment or post-treatment. In contrast, both drugs effectively reduced the frequency of bleomycin-induced micronuclei when they were applied for simultaneous treatment or post-treatment, but not for pre-treatment. This indicates that the radical-scavenging ability of these two HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors differs according to the origins of the radicals - e.g., X-rays or bleomycin - even when the two drugs are compared at an equivalent cytotoxic dose. Our results suggest that both pravastatin and fluvastatin have the ability to scavenge certain types of radicals and to protect cells against oxidative stress.<br>

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