Trapping of Atmospheric HO<sub>2</sub> in Solid CO<sub>2</sub> on Icy Satellites: Simulation Using Electron Spin Resonance and Thermoluminescence Analyses

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  • Norizawa Kimihiro
    Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Univerity, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
  • Hirai Makoto
    Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Univerity, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
  • Kanosue Kazunori
    Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Univerity, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
  • Ikeya Motoji
    Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Univerity, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan

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  • Trapping of Atmospheric HO2 in Solid CO2 on Icy Satellites. Simulation Using Electron Spin Resonance and Thermoluminescence Analyses.

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Whether atmospheric HO2 is trapped in the icy surface of solid CO2 on outer planets and their satellites has been studied in a laboratory using electron spin resonance (ESR) and thermoluminescence (TL) analyses. Gaseous CO2 (10 Torr) containing about 1% of H2O was discharged at radio frequency (1 MHz) and frozen at 77 K immediately. Free radicals trapped in solid CO2 were identified as HO2 from the ESR spectrum. This spectrum was found to be different from that of γ-irradiated solid CO2 with an impurity of H2O. The annealing parameters of HO2 were correlated with the TL parameters of a peak at 185 K. The results indicate that atmospheric HO2 can be trapped in solid CO2 during condensation. The lifetime of HO2 was calculated to be about 1025 years at Triton''s temperature of 35 K using the activation energy of 0.27 eV and the frequency factor of 5 × 105 s-1.

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