CONSIDERATION ON FORMATION AND TYPOLOGY OF SHOPHOUSE IN RATANAKOSIN AREA, BANGKOK, THAILAND

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  • ONGSAVANGCHAI Nawit
    Department of Architecture, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
  • FUNO Shuji
    Department of Architecture, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University

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  • ラッタナコシン地区(バンコク)のショップハウスの形成と類型に関する考察

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Abstract

By the mid of 19^<th> century shophouse have became one of the most predominant urban architecture in Southeast Asian Countries, however, as an uncolonized country, the emergence and development of shophouse in Ratanakosin, the old core of Bangkok, were different from those of the neighboring Southeast Asian Countries. They were freely constructed without the control of any ordinances or building codes but were shaped by demand of the royalty and Privy Purse Bureau. They could enjoy full use of shophouse space without any requirement for the construction of front arcaded walkway. By this reason, although Ratanakosin shophouses were developed in the same period and influenced by those of neighboring countries, their formation process and spatial formation were different. This research demonstrates that with the fragmental and periodical city planning of Ratanakosin, shophouses formed to be the predominant urban form with their simple spatial patterns. This paper clarifies formation and distribution of shophouses. It also discusses the typology of shophouses and transformation of shophouse plans in order to obtain the basic conclusion for more comprehensive research of transformation process of shophouse spatial pattern in the following paper.

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