奈良若草山草地におけるレクリエーション利用密度と植生タイプとの関係

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タイトル別名
  • Relationship between Recreational Densities and Vegetational Types on the Grassland of Wakakusayama Hill, Nara Park
  • ナラ ワカクサヤマ ソウチ ニ オケル レクリエーション リヨウ ミツド ト

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The purpose of this case study on Wakakusayamai Hill is to elusidate the effects of recreational pressure on diversifiiication of vegetational cover, and to, suggest recreational carrying capacity compatiblewith the particular management objectives for a. given natural area. Wakakusayama Hill of Nara. Park, which commands the fine view of Yamato Basin, is the most popular picnic grassland near Kansai metropolitan area. The annual attendance' reached 600, 000 visitors in recent years.<BR>At the rst step, photographs showing the distributional state of visitors staying on grassy slope' were taken from aircraft flying across the area concerned at the fixed time (about 11: 00, 13: 00 and 15: 00) on two fine holidays in autumn season. Then, mesh maps of recreational density were prepared from these photographs. Recreational density is indicated by number of staying vistors in each 25 meter mesh. On the other hand the real vegetation map of the same area was made on the basis of the phytosociological survey. Moreover this map was rendered into two mesh maps-one shown with seven physiognomi. cal types and the other with four community types-so that one mesh might represent one vegetation types.<BR>In the next place, these meshes were grouped into seven density classes according to “Average of Relative Density (ARD)”. In this case Relative Density is expressed in permillage of staying visitors in each mesh to the total of the each survey, excluding two surveys with less than 1, 000 persons. Average numbers of staying visitors in each ARD class were shown into graph at each survey time as in Fig. 4. Similarity of their curves indicates the constancy of recreational use, that is, some areas are always apt to be used in high density, and otheis always in low density. Therefore this mesh-grouping method by ARD was amply justified. After abstract ARD had been converted into concrete recreational density in the most crowded use level, we tried to compare vegetational patterns with recreational patterns in space.<BR>The results are as follows.<BR>1. So far as recreational density is regulated under 20 persons/ha as maximum use level, Miscanthus sward type will continue. But as the density increases, lower Zoysia type comes out sporadically on taller Miscanthus sward.<BR>2. 500 persons/ha may be the border line on which the vegetation of grassland changes from Miscanthus type to Zoysia type.<BR>3. Cynodon type being very resistant to trampling, or bare ground occur on the local areas which are subject to very heavy recreational use, that is, over 1, 300 persons/ha.

収録刊行物

  • 造園雑誌

    造園雑誌 40 (3), 24-37, 1977-02-20

    社団法人 日本造園学会

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