果樹の人工授粉に際しての花粉増量剤について : 澱粉類及び植物花粉類

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  • On Some Volume increasing Materials of Pollen in Fruit Tree's Hand Pollination. : Powders and Plant Pollen.

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(1)1950年度において果樹の人工授粉の能率化をはかる第一手段として花粉の増量剤について小実験を行つた.(2)モモ, ナシ, カキ, リンゴについて, 夫々の授粉用花粉に増量剤としてシッカロトール, 小麦粉, 馬鈴薯澱粉, 小豆粉を用いた.(3)増量剤の混入率は重量比で花粉の8〜10倍とした.(4)これ等増量剤中果樹の授精に障害のあつたもはのシッカロールで, 次で粒子の大きな麸を混じた小麦粉は成績わるく, 馬鈴薯澱粉, 小豆粉はこの範囲の混合比では良好な結果率を得, 花粉単用区に比しいささかも遜色がなかつた.(1)1951年度にカキ富有について禅寺丸花粉に石松子, 蒲黄を夫々20, 40, 60倍量容量比で添加し圃場での人工授粉による結果率を調査した.(2)増量割合が多くなるに従つて結実は低下した.その実用的利用倍率は30〜40倍までの範囲と考えられた.(3)結実率不良はカキ花粉に対し, 石松子60倍添加の場合にのみ看取された.(4)増量割合が増加するに従い, 果実内種子数も減少した.(1)1952年において, カキ富有に対し, 禅寺丸花粉の人工授粉に際し, 増量剤として石松子, 蒲黄の他胡桃, 赤松, 多行松, ヒマラヤ杉, 玉蜀黍花粉を使用した.増量割合は容量で10倍とした.(2)実験は千葉県松戸, 埼玉県上尾の2ヶ所で行つた.その成績は何れも同様な傾向を示し, 花粉単用区に比し遜色のない良好な結実率を示したのは胡桃花粉増量区であつた.(3)胡桃花粉を増量剤として用いた区の果実内含有種子数も花粉単用区に近似し, 1果につき4個以上のものが76〜82%を占めた.(4)人工発芽床上での増量花粉中のカキ花粉の発芽並に花粉管の伸長も胡桃花粉区がもつとも花粉単用区に近似して良好であつた.(5)これを要するに, 胡桃花粉はその大きさ, 粉末比重

The utility value of some powders (one medical powder and 3 starches) and plant pollen for intend to increasing fruit tree's pollen volume in their hand pollination were examined from 1950 to 1952. In 1950, Cickaroll, Wheat flour, Poteto's starch and Azuki bean's starch were employed as the pollen volume increasing materials in each hand pollination of peach, pear, persimmon and apple trees, and their mixed ratio was 1:8 or 1:10 in weight. After the pollination test were performed, the best fruiting set were earned in each Azuki bean's starch lote. It was very good as like as the set which were brought by each fruit trees pollen only. In 1951, Rycopodium and Howo (Cattail flower pollen) were employed as the pollen volume increasing materials in the hand pollination of persimmon. Their increasing allotment were as much 20, 40 and 60 as the quantity of persimmon pollen. After their test, Howo had shown to a suitable as like as Rycopodium, and that increasing ratio 60 had not good fruiting set, so that it was too thin. In practically, their suitable compound ratio were thought as ×30〜×50 in quantity from persimmon pollen. In 1952, Persimmon hand pollination tests were performed by some Zenjimaru pollen which were increased by Rycopodium, Howo, Walnut pollen, Red pine pollen, Tagio pine pollen, Himaraya cedar pollen and Corn pollen in ×10 quantity of persimon pollen, in Chiba Univ. and Saitama Agr. Exp. Sta. And the best fruiting set was earned in the Walnut pollen lote, and the seed's number in their fruits were many as like as the fruit which were pollinated by persimmon pollen only. Persimmon pollen germination and pollen tube growth in the Walnut pollen had shown very good in the artificial germinate test, and we are thinking that the good fruiting set was produced from these facts.

source:The technical bulletin of Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University

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