ブドウ巨峰の花振いにおよぼすジベレリンの影響

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  • ブドウキョホウ ノ ハナフルイ ニ オヨボス ジベレリン ノ エイキョウ
  • Effect of Gibberellins on the Shattering in Kyoho Grapes

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1.千葉県のような雨の多い火山灰土壌で栽培された巨峰の, 著しい花振いを防止するために, gibberellin (GA)処理の効果をB-995との比較において検討した.2. GA処理によって無着粒の果房数は減少し, 着粒数は増加した.GA_<4+7> 100ppmは着粒数の増加に非常に効果を示した.7月8日の着粒率は, GA処理によって5〜6倍に増加していた.3. GA処理によって果梗重および果梗径が増し, 特に100ppmでその効果が大きかった.果梗重はGA処理によって2.5〜3倍に増加していた.4. GAは果粒の単為結果を誘起し, それを肥大させた.しかし, このGAによって誘起された単為結果果粒は有核果よりも小さく, その約80%は中(5.5〜6.4g), 小(5.4g以下)果粒であった.この単為結果果粒はdouble sigmoidの生長曲線を示した.5.可溶性固形物および酸はGA処理によってあまり影響されなかった.しかし, 果皮の色素はGA_<4+7> 100ppmで最も多かった.

Effect of Gibberellins on the Shattering in Kyoho Grapes. E. TAKAHASHI, T. KIKITSU, M. NAKAMURA. and K. NAGASAWA, Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan. Tech. Bull. Fac. Hort. Chiba Univ., No.21: 19-23. 1973. It is well known that the shattering phenomenon in Kyoho grapes may occur severely when they are grown in volcanic ash soil particularly in a year of heavy rain fall. In this study, the effect of gibberellins (GA), comparing with B-995, on the prevention of the shattering in Kyoho grapes was investigated. GA decreased the number of clusters which did not set berries and increased the number of berries per cluster. GA_<4+7> at 100ppm was most effective in increasing berry set. The percentage of berries per cluster observed on July 8 was increased 5 to 6-fold by GA treatment. GA increased the peduncle and pedicels weight and the peduncle diameter, especially more effective at 100ppm. By GA teratment, the peduncle and pedicels weight was increased 2.5 to 3-fold. GAinduced parthenocarpic berries and enlarged their size. The size of parthenocarpic berries induced by GA treatment, however, was smaller than that of seeded berries, and about 800f parthenocarpic berries was intermediate (5.5-6.4g) and small (<5.5g) berries as compared with large (>6.4g) berries. The growth pattern of GA-induced parthenocarpic berries showed a double sigmoid shaped curve. GA had not much effect on the total soluble solids and the total acidity. The pigment production contained in the parthenocarpic berries treated with GA_<4+7> at 100ppm was found to be highest compared to other GA treated berries.

source:The technical bulletin of Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University

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