Periodontal Destruction with Experimental Periodontitis and Occlusal Trauma in Monkeys. Effects According to Severity of Inflammation and Degree of Occlusal Trauma.

  • JiaBi Liang
    Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Hokkaido University School of Dentistry
  • Kato Hiroshi
    Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Hokkaido University School of Dentistry

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Other Title
  • 歯周組織の炎症とこう合性外傷が合併した時のサル歯周組織の変化 炎症の程度とこう合性外傷の強さの影響について
  • Effects According to Severity of Inflammation and Degree of Occlusal Trauma
  • 炎症の程度と咬合性外傷の強さの影響について

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of occlusal trauma on periodontal tissues when different degrees of inflammation were combined with traumatic force applied in 1- or 2-directions. Two adult monkeys were used, and inflammation was provoked by silk ligature insertion around the necks of the teeth. The durations of silk insertion were 10 and 20 weeks for the mild (Group A) and the severe group (Group B) periodontitis groups, respectively. After the development of experimental periodontitis, the ligatures were removed. Groups A and B were further devided into 3 groups according to the intensity of traumatic forces. Lateral force was applied from one direction in Groups A I and B I at one week intervals for 5 weeks. In Groups A II and B II, elastics were inserted for one week alternately at the mesial and distal surfaces of the experimental teeth for 5 weeks. In the control groups (Groups Ac and Bc), no traumatic forces were applied. The monkeys were then sacrificed. The data obtained were evaluated clinically, radiographically and pathologically, and histometric analysis was also performed. The results were as follows: 1) P1 I, GI, and PD showed minimal differences among the groups. The clinical attachment level was unchanged in Groups A I and All, but was increased in Groups B I and B II. 2) Based on the radiographic examinations, bone loss was more severe in Groups B I and B II than in Groups A I and A II. No significant radiographic difference was noted in relation to the severity of the occlusal trauma. 3) The pathological observation revealed that Groups B I and B II had significantly more attachment loss, bone loss and destruction of transseptal fibers around the bony crest than Groups A I, A II, and Ac. The intensity of occlusal force produced no significant differences. It was thus concluded that, when the applied force exceeds a certain level, tissue with preexisting severe periodontitis will undergo a similar destructive process. Further studies are under way aimed at fully elucidating the role of occlusal trauma in periodontal destruction.

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