ホッケーの動作特性 : 東京女子大学ホッケー部部員を対象として

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タイトル別名
  • ホッケー ノ ドウサ トクセイ トウキョウ ジョシ ダイガク ホッケーブ ブイ
  • THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HITTING THE BALL IN HOCKEY

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抄録

東京女子大学ホッケー部員14名を対象に,ホッケーの動作特性についてストッピング,ヒッティング動作により検討を行った。その結果,以下のことが明らかとなった。1)本実験では動作の所要時間に関しては,中級・初級未熟練者間に有意な差はなかったが経験年数の増加により所要時間は短縮する傾向を示した。2)中級熟練者の方が未熟練者よりも動作の再現性において優れていた。3)一回動作の所要時間の短縮は,準備動作におけるボール扱い,すなわち調整力の向上と,振り上げ動作におけるコンパクトな腕の動きによって可能であることが示唆された。本実験ではホッケーの動作特性について,ホッケーの基本的技術であるストッピング,ヒッティング動作により検討を行なった。ゲームとは違った状況での実験ではあったが,経験年数による動作の相違を検討したことによりホッケーの打動作の特性が示されたと思われる。また動作特性の検討により,ホッケーが独自の運動様式を持っている競技であることも示された。今後は,被検者数を増し統計的検討を行うとともに,ヒットの動作特性と成功率の関係,また,身体の移動軌跡,重心の移動速度等からのアプローチをはかりホッケーの動作特性についてさらに考察を重ねて行く必要があると思われる。

The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of the hitting movements in hockey. There were fourteen subjects, all of them members of the hockey club in Tokyo Woman's Christian University. They were divided into three groups according to the length of time they had been playing the sport: in the first group, there were three subjects who had played hockey for more than two years; in the second group, there were two subjects who had played it for between one and two years; in the third group, there were nine subjects who had played it for less than one year. These were called the intermediate, elementary, and beginners' groups respectively. The subjects performed hitting motions twelve times, and these motions were recorded by VTR. The time required for each hitting motion and the motions of their sticks were observed. In addition, the following results were obtained: 1) In the complete sequence of hitting motion, it took considerably more time to raise the stick than to swing it or to follow through. 2) It was found that the subjects with longer experience of the game required a shorter time to actually hit the ball, although the differences between the groups in this area could hardly be described as significant. 3) The coefficient variations of the intermediates were less than of the beginners in each phase when the time required by the three groups was compared. It seemed that the reproducibility of the motions of the intermediate was superior to that of the beginners. (As one would expect, the coefficient variations of the elementary group fell between those of the intermediate and beinners' groups.) 4) The conclusion of the study is that hockey players have to train their coordination in order to manage the ball effectively; in particular, they have to develop skill in moving their arms quickly when they raise their sticks.

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