中国・新彊ウイグル自治区における教育と育児 -2003年フィールドワークより-

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  • チュウゴク シンキョウウイグル ジチク ニ オケル キョウイク ト イクジ 2003ネン フィールドワーク ヨリ
  • Contemparary Education and Child-rearing in Xinjiang Uygur Region in China - On the fieldwork in 2003-

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Abstract

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The objective of this paper is examine the conditions of both of school education and child-rearing in Kashgar area and Urumqi area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China. The research was conducted from 16th to 22nd November in 2003. The subjects are constituted as follows: a male principal of a junior high school and four women who are from 21 to 36 years old. On interview and preceding papers, three major findings are reported. 1) Main problems of school-education are that the high school attendance rate has eclined and that students who are not able to go to school have been increased. In particular, among the poor farmers' households that account for 80% of the region, parents do not have higher pectations for their children, thus they prevent their children from going to school. 2) Their main agent of child-rearing is the mother. Mothers raise children by receiving sufficient support from relatives, especially their own mothers. Recently in urban area, however, some mothers cannot receive support from relatives including from their own mothers. Consequently, utilization of commercial child-rearing services is increasing. 3) Uygur people maintain the culture of ender division of domestic labor. Particularly Muslims maintain a strong patriarchal system so that their educational expectations for daughters is lower compared to sons.

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