Decay Heating and Microwave Resonance-Induced Resistivity of Surface Electrons on Liquid Helium

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The electron decay heating and linear dc resistivity of surface electrons (SEs) on liquid helium exposed to resonant microwave (MW) radiation are theoretically studied for the vapor atom scattering regime. Energy and momentum relaxation rates are generalized for an arbitrary electron distribution over the surface levels in order to obtain electron temperature and resistivity as functions of MW excitation rate. Even at very low excitation rates, electron temperature and dc resistivity are shown to increase rapidly with input power. At high excitation rates, electron temperature and MW resonance-induced resistivity saturate due to equating occupancies of the two lowest surface levels. Remarkably, hot-electron conditions with an electron temperature of approximately 30 K are provided by a very small fraction (about 10%) of SEs left on the ground and the first excited levels. These theoretical results agree with recent experimental observations.

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