The Portrayal of "Foreigners" in Japanese Social Studies Textbooks : Self-Images of Mono-Ethnic Pluralism

• TSUNEYOSHI Ryoko

  The University of Tokyo

Abstract

History and social studies textbooks have often been the object of heated political debate in various countries, since they relate directly to issues of national identity and citizenship. This article analyzes how "foreigners" are portrayed in two versions (the 2000 and 2006 versions, date of issue) of the best-selling elementary social studies textbook in Japan. How "foreigners" are portrayed, reflects how non-foreigners, in other words, "Japanese," are understood. The study categorized the sections containing key terms and themes that were relevant to foreign/foreigners (see article for exact list). Based on a content analysis, the results were broken down into 8 themes (plus "Other"), and their patterns were analyzed. The major findings were that (1) despite the image of Japanese as having a monocultural image of themselves, the image of ethnic Japanese and Japanese society in the textbooks was actually very diverse in terms of region, climate, landscape, occupation, etc. ; (2) images of coexistence were also present, but the objects of coexistence were dominantly of two kinds-first, the coexistence of Japanese with nature, and second, the coexistence of Japan with foreign countries through trade ; and (3) in cases that the "foreigners" did appear in the textbooks, the image shifted according to the context in which it was discussed, and there was a missing link between the different meanings. In other words, when the context was contemporary Japan (3^rd -5^th grade), "foreigners" were portrayed as visitors who came and left, and the key concept was "internationalization." When "foreigners" were discussed historically (first half of 6^th grade), or were discussed in relation to welfare, peace, human rights and discrimination, they were assumed to be the permanently residing foreigners in Japan (the Koreans and Chinese in Japan). The article analyzes the implications these findings have for a more multicultural and pluralistic Japanese self-image.

Journal

• Educational Studies in Japan

  Educational Studies in Japan 2 (0), 31-44, 2007

  Japanese Educational Research Association

Details

• CRID: 1390001288040013696
• NII Article ID: 110006547078
• DOI: 10.7571/esjkyoiku.2.31
• ISSN: 21875286
• ISSN: 18814832
• Web Site: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/esjkyoiku/2/0/2_KJ00004817806/_pdf
• Text Lang: en
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • Crossref
  • CiNii Articles
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed