アブラムシ類の捕食性天敵ショクガタマバエの生態と利用

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タイトル別名
  • アブラムシルイ ノ ホショクセイ テンテキ ショクガタマバエ ノ セイタイ ト リヨウ
  • Biology of the aphidophagous gall midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza, and its use for biological control

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Aphidoletes aphidimyza （Rondani）, an aphidophagous species of Cecidomyiidae, is widely distributed in the world.Larvae of this species feed on a wide variety of aphids, at least 80 species having been known as hosts. In many countries,A. aphidimyza has been used extensively as a biological control agent against aphids, particularly in greenhouses, andhas been proved effective. An exotic strain of this species has been commercialized to control aphids in protected culturesince 1998 in Japan. Use of this strain has not been very successful, possibly because of maladaptation to environmental conditions in Japan or improper use of the strain. Study of the natural distribution of A. aphidimyza in Japan, prior to commercialization of its exotic strain, revealed that this species is distributed commonly in Japan. Use of domestic strains,which are well adapted to both the physical and biological environments in Japan, is recommended to avoid environmental risk by use of the exotic strain. The biology and use for biological control of European strains of A. aphidimyza have been studied and published by many authors. It is worthy to review these studies for the development of biological control using domestic strains of A. aphidimyza in Japan. In this review, the biology of A. aphidimyza, i.e., the taxonomy, morphology, development, oviposition, predation, mating and interspecific interactions with other natural enemies, will be described. Then, mass production and storage of this species, its use for biological control in greenhouses and its role in the regulation of aphids in orchards will be discussed as practical information.

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