子どもの病気・けがへの保育士の対応に関する研究

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タイトル別名
  • コドモ ノ ビョウキ ケガ エノ ホイクシ ノ タイオウ ニ カンスル ケンキュウ
  • Research on Coping with Children's Diseases and Wounds by Nursery Nurses

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本研究は、地域の保育所において保育士が子どもの病気やけがの場面でどのような説明や対応を行っているかその実態を明らかにすることを目的とした。データ収集時点で保育所に勤務し子どもの保育に当たっている5名を対象に、子どもの病気やけがの場面での対応や説明に関して半構成面接を実施し、質的帰納的に分析した。分析の結果、【病気やけがの子どもの心理的混乱を和らげる対応】【健康問題についての査定】【他児の不安や混乱を解消させるための対応と他児の反応】【子どもの身体状況を改善させるための対応】【健康問題査定後の対応】【子どもの健康問題解決を支える基盤となる資源や条件】【病気・医療を受ける子どもの反応】という7つのカテゴリーが抽出された。【病気やけがの子どもの心理的混乱を和らげる対応】では、「子どもに対する見通しをもった説明」などの言語的な説明だけでなく、プリパレーションに有効とされる非言語的な「安心させる」「頑張れる環境」「賞賛」などが効果的に用いられていることがわかた。一方で、年少児や周囲の子どもに対しては十分な説明や対応が行われておらず、今後健康な子どものためのプリパレーションのあり方を求めていく必要性が示唆された。

This research aims to clarify the actual status of explanation of and response to children's diseases and wounds by nursery nurses in a community nursery school. Semi-structured interviews concerning methods of explanation of and response to children's diseases and wounds were conducted with five subjects working at a nursery school where they cared for children while the data were collected. The data obtained in these interviews were analyzed qualitatively and inductively. As the result of the analysis, seven categories were extracted, including "relieving children's psychological confusion caused by disease or wound," "assessment of health problems," "coping with anxiety and psychological confusion of other children and their reactions," "improvement of children's physical condition," "response after health assessment," "basic resources and conditions for supporting resolution of children's health problems," and "children's reaction to disease or wound and receiving medical treatment." With regard to "relieving children's psychological confusion caused by disease or wound," it is found that not only oral explanations, such as "explanation of prognosis to children," but also non-oral expressions which were considered effective in preparation, such as "comforting," "environment enabling effort," and "applause," were being used effectively. On the other hand, sufficient explanation of and response to children's diseases and wounds was not given in the case of infants and/or other children, suggesting the need to pursue appropriate methods of preparation for healthy children..

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収録刊行物

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