Effects of the virus-like particles of a braconid endoparasitoid, Meteorus pulchricornis, on hemocytes and hematopoietic organs of its noctuid host, Pseudaletia separata

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  • Suzuki Masahiro
    Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
  • Miura Ken
    Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University
  • Tanaka Toshiharu
    Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University

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Previously, we reported that virus-like particles of Meteorus pulchricornis (MpVLPs) induced apoptosis in hemocytes of its host, Pseudaletia separata, and that MpVLPs seem to especially damage the granulocyte population in vivo. The present study was conducted to elucidate more clearly the distinct behavior of two hemocyte populations in response to MpVLPs or parasitization. First, we examined the differences between plasmatocytes and granulocytes in their sensitivity to MpVLP-induced apoptosis and also in changes of their numbers after parasitization. MpVLPs induced apoptosis in both hemocyte species in vitro. The number of plasmatocytes increased slightly after parasitization in vivo unlike that of granulocytes. The BrdU incorporation assay indicated that the parasitization or the injection of venom containing MpVLPs (V(+)VLP) enhanced the proliferation of plasmatocytes and suppressed that of granulocytes, accounting in part for the distinct responses shown by the respective hemocyte populations. Next, we examined the effects of V(+)VLP on hematopoietic organs (HPOs), major tissues for hematopoiesis of P. separata. A large number (approximately 70–80%) of the cells released from cultured HPOs were determined to be plasmatocytes by the morphology and response to growth-blocking peptide. The injection of V(+)VLP did not affect HPOs in terms of the hematopoietic activity and hemocyte species released. These results, together with our previous data, suggest that the plasmatocyte population was maintained by both supply from undamaged HPOs and the propagation of circulating cells during the initial phase of at least 24 h post-parasitization, while MpVLPs caused apoptosis irrespective of hemocyte species.

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