初期徳川政権の貿易統制と島津氏の動向

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  • Trade control in the early period of the Tokugawa Shogunate and movements of the Shimazu clan
  • ショキ トクガワ セイケン ノ ボウエキ トウセイ ト シマヅ シ ノ ドウコウ

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After the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the shogun Tokugawa leyasu followed the marine order maintenance policy of Hideyoshi and adopted a trade control policy. Moreover, leyasu planned to trade with Mexico, using Uraga as the base for foreign trade. Uraga is in the Kanto region and was the power base of the Tokugawa Shogunate. As a matter of course, this plan implemented by leyasu affected the foreign trade conducted by the daimyo, or feudal lords. The purpose of this paper is to examine the foreign trade that the Shimazu clan, one of the daimyo of western Japan, conducted with the Philippines and China. The Tokugawa Shogunate's negotiations with Spain, the colonial ruler of Mexico, for trade with Mexico were conducted through the missionaries and other foreigners living in Japan. In 1609, in the midst of the negotiations, the Shogunate changed its main foreign trade partners, shifting its focus from Portugal to Holland and Spain. Thus, 1609 was a pivotal year in that the destinations of the goods exported from Japan, mainly silk, were shifted from Portugal to Holland and Spain. Furthermore, in 1611, Nagasaki was designated to serve as the sole port of call for ships from Tang China. The policy of banning other foreign trade bases was thus strictly enforced. This policy of the Shogunate pushed the Shimazu clan, which had been actively fostering trade ties with China, into a tight corner. This suggests that the Tokugawa Shogunate, besides seeking to prevent the spread of Christianity throughout Japan, also sought to build a system of trade control.

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