Four Types and Courses of Social Work Theories : Analysis of Shakaijigyo (Social Work), 1938～1945

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  • 社会事業理論の4類型と方向性 : 1938～1945年の『社会事業』から
  • シャカイ ジギョウ リロン ノ 4 ルイケイ ト ホウコウセイ 1938 1945ネン ノ シャカイ ジギョウ カラ

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Abstract

Of Social work theory, Okochi (1938) said that the application of social work is out of the economic order and that we must annul this unsound tradition. On the basis of this idea of Okochi, this paper uses the framework of science and tradition and the restriction and expansion of applicant, and synthesizes previous reviews in order to propose a comprehensive viewpoint for the understanding of social work theories in 1938〜1945. In this framework, these theories can be classified into four types; "universal expansion theory", "adopted traditional theory", "charity theory" and "scientific characteristic theory". Regarding the course of social work, the first type shows social reform movement, the second type means welfare activity and the establishment of cooperative order, the third type is individual protection, and the last type shows social cultural institutions, housing and health policy, case work and so on.

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