結核病棟で行われる患者教育に対する患者の受けとめ

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  • ケッカク ビョウトウ デ オコナワレル カンジャ キョウイク ニ タイスル カンジャ ノ ウケトメ

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Abstract

本研究は、結核で入院している患者が医療者から受ける教育をどのように受けとめているのかを明らかにすることを目的とした。大阪府にある4施設の結核病棟に入院している患者11名を対象とし、入院中に受けた教育や指導について、半構造化面接を行った後、逐語録を作成し、質的帰納的に分析を行った。本研究は大阪市立大学大学院看護学研究科および各施設での倫理委員会の承認を得た。分析の結果、【医療者の親身な教育が支援となる】、【様々な教育を受けることで病気の理解が深まる】、【教育を受けても簡単には理解できない】、【自ら疾患について調べたい】、【患者が目標を持てるようにして欲しい】の5つのカテゴリーが抽出された。患者は医療者の親身な教育により支援を受けていると感じ、教育の効果を認める一方、説明は簡単には理解できないと難しさも感じていた。また、主体的に学びたいという欲求もあった。患者のニーズに合わせて、教育方法を工夫する必要が示唆された。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the perceptions of patients in hospitals for tuberculosis towards education received from medical professionals. A verbatim record was prepared following a semi-structured interview on the education and guidance received while in hospital with 11 patients in the tuberculosis ward of 4 institutes in Osaka Prefecture used as subjects, and then were qualitatively and inductively analyzed. The present study was approved by the ethics committee of the Graduate School of Nursing, Osaka City University and of each respective institute. Upon analysis, 5 categories including: [Sympathetic education from medical professionals is supportive], [Further understanding of the disease is possible through a variety of education], [It cannot be easily understood even if education is received], [I would like to study the disease on my own], and [I want nurses to support the patients so that they can have a goal] were extracted. Patients felt that they were receiving support through sympathetic education from medical professionals, and while acknowledging the effect of such education, they also felt difficulty in that these explanations could sometimes not be easily understood. Moreover, many had a desire to learn independently. It was suggested that new education strategies must be established according to the needs of patients.

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