Development of the Forest Road Design Technique using LiDAR Data of the Funyu Experimental Forest(<Special Issue>Silvilaser)

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Abstract

The forest road design process includes extensive field investigations and dynamic real-time decision-making processes to create the best forest road design. These processes do require significant effort, and require the most experienced personnel to affect the best outcome. However, such "front end efforts" pay huge dividends in estimating construction costs, as well as benefits of the improved design in the out years in both utility of use and maintenance of the constructed road. One of the major faults of past techniques was the low reproducibility of geographical features, and the resultant impacts that subsequently were encountered during the design and construction phases of the road projects. In this research, in order to improve the above-mentioned facts, the forest road design technique was developed using the LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data that presented more accurate geographical features. The forest roads constructed before and after the LiDAR measurement were surveyed. Elevations on the cross-sections of the forest road constructed before LiDAR measurement were compared with those from 1m grid DEM made from LiDAR data and 10m grid DEM made from 1/5,000 topographic map. The mean square error between actual measurements and 1m grid DEM was 1.12m. On the other hand, the mean square error between actual measurements and 10m grid DEM was 6.02m. Earthwork-volumes estimated using the actual measurement of the forest road constructed after LiDAR measurement and by the program using 1m grid DEM were 3,596.48m^3 and 3,641.51m^3 respectively, while the earthwork volume using 10m grid DEM was 10,637.6m^3. Ground surfaces produced by LiDAR data represented actual ground surfaces accurately and the results of the forest road design using LiDAR data were similar to the actual forest road. The goal of the efforts demonstrated that using LiDAR enhanced the opportunities for planners to examine alternative designs to improve ease of design, cost of construction, and maintainability.

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