短時間刺激型インターバル運動が身体諸機能に及ぼす効果－日本人における無作為化比較介入試験によるパイロット研究－ Effects of Transitory Stimulation Interval Exercise on Physical Function: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study among Japanese Subjects

インターバルトレーニングは，有酸素能力の向上だけでなく健康に対しても効果的である．しかしながらこのトレーニングは高強度運動を伴っており，高齢者や低体力者には心血管系へのリスクもある．そこで，高強度運動の時間を短縮した短時間刺激型のインターバル運動（Transitory Stimulation Interval Exercise: TSIE）を開発し，その効果について調査した．30名の女性を無作為にTSIE群，一定負荷運動（Continuous Moderate Exercise: CME） 群，非運動（No-exercise: NE）群に割り振り，運動群には12週間運動を継続して行った．その結果，TSIE群はNE群と比較して体重減少率と有酸素能力向上率において有意な効果が見られたが，CME群とNE群との間には有意な差は認められなかった．HbA1c低下については，TSIE，CME両群ともにNE群と比較して有意な効果が見られた．しかしながら全体的にはTSIE群とCME群との間にはほとんど有意な差は認められなかった．エネルギー消費量が同等なため，一時的な刺激にはなるが，長期的には差が生じない可能性がある．

Interval training is effective for promoting aerobic capacity and general health. However, it involves repeated high-intensity activity, which could pose cardiovascular risks for the elderly or people who are less fit. We developed a transitory stimulation interval exercise (TSIE) in which the duration of strenuous exertion was reduced to 30 seconds at 75% Vo₂max of intensity. This pilot study aims to explore the effects of this mode of exercise. Thirty women were randomized and stratified into the TSIE group, the continuous moderate exercise (CME) group, or the no-exercise (NE) group. The two exercise groups performed exercises for 12 weeks. Significant positive changes were observed in the TSIE group compared with the NE group in the relative change ratio from baseline in body weight and Vo₂max, but no significant differences were observed between the CME group and the NE group. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased significantly in both exercise groups compared with the NE group. Overall, there were few significant differences between the CME group and the TSIE group. There might not be any differences between the TSIE and the CME in a long term intervention with equalized training volumes.