サムボーとその著作『牧業者への助言』─ モンゴルにおける遊牧生活を中心に─(林宏作教授退任記念号)

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  • Sambuu and his Book Advise to the Nomadic Herder ─ A Study of the Nomadic Life in Mongolia ─(Special Issue Dedicated to Professor HAYASHI Kousaku)
  • サムボー ト ソノ チョサク 『 ボクギョウシャ エ ノ ジョゲン 』 : モンゴル ニ オケル ユウボク セイカツ オ チュウシン ニ

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This paper considers Sambuu (1895-1972) and his widely-read work Advice to the Nomadic Herder, published in 1945 in the People's Republic of Mongolia, in which he sets out his proposals for the nomadic life. In the early part of his life, Sambuu was a herdsman. He acquired a wide knowledge of nomadism including domestic animal pasturage through his personal experience as a nomad for more than 20 years. From 1930 he served as the Prefectural Governor of Tov and Omnogovi, as Ambassador to the Soviet Union, as Acting Minister of Foreign Affairs, and he was Chairman of the Presidium of the Great Khural for six consecutive quarters from 1954. At the same time, Sambuu left many books, including the masterpiece mentioned above, in which he wrote down his knowledge of nomadism and the skills he had acquired as a herder. Despite changes in Mongolia's social system, Sambuu continues to enjoy a high evaluation, not only as a statesman, but also for his contribution to the nomadic economy. The first part of this paper gives a brief summary of Sambuu's career as a statesman, and also introduces his book Advice to the Nomadic Herder. The second part analyzes Sambuu's biography of his days as a herdsman, and examines the process through which Mongolian nomadic herders grow to maturity. The paper shows the wide variety of knowledge and skills required for the nomadic life in Mongolia that are utilized and acquired by experience.

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