特別支援学校におけるセンター的機能の発展性に関する検討

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  • トクベツ シエン ガッコウ ニ オケル センターテキ キノウ ノ ハッテンセイ ニ カンスル ケントウ

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Abstract

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2006年度に実施した全国の特殊教育諸学校におけるセンター的機能に関する調査と特別支援教育体制に移行した2008年度に実施した結果を比較検討した。その結果,センター的機能を担う独立した組織の人数は10名前後で,コーディネーターは3名前後が必要であるという結果が示された。また,以下のような校種ごとの特徴が示された。視覚校,聴覚校のセンター機能は,これまでの障害種に特化した対応に加えて,視覚認知や聴覚認知に関する学習障害児への支援が実施されていた。また,病弱校は不登校に関する発達障害への対応が求められていた。知的校および総合併置校は地域の通常の学校等との密接な連携に基づいて,その学校の障害種に加えて,発達障害にも幅広く対応している傾向が認められた。肢体校は機能訓練等に関する指導支援と重度重複障害も含め,幅広く発達障害にも対応していた。これからの課題としては各校種の特色を活かしながら,校種間のセンター的機能の連携が求められるものと思われる。

The purpose of the present study was to compared the results of investigation as local special education centers at special schools in the whole country that were executed in fiscal year 2006 with the result of the same investigation in fiscal year 2008 when the special needs education system started. As a result, the number of teachers of independent organizations that carry out the functions as local special education centers in special needs schools was about 10,and the number of coordinator was about 3. Functions as Local Special Needs Eduation Centers in special needs schools for the blind and for the deaf supported the children,who go to regular schools,with the same disabilities.Special needs school for the blind supports the children with learning disability with problem of visual cognition and special needs school for the deaf supports the children with learning disability with problem of auditory cognition. Moreover, special needs school for the children with health impairments was requested to support the children of developmental disorder with nonattendance at school. Special needs school for the children with intellectual disabilities and the integrated keep on close cooperation with regular schools in the region and the tendency to support also to the children with developmental disorder in addition to supporting the children with intellectual disabilities,was admitted.Special needs school for physical disabilities supports the children with multiple disabilities and carry out the functional training in addition to supporting the children with the developmental disorder . It is necessary for each special needs school to cooperate with functions as Local special needs education centers for bringing out the features of each special needs school.

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