現代ハルハモンゴル語の記述句構文と結果構文

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  • Depictives and Resultatives in Modern Khalkh Mongolian

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This study explores the characteristics of depictives in Khalkh Mongolian using the data from a questionnaire and from a tiny literary corpus. First, the inner structure, the position within a clause and possible controllers are addressed, then structural and semantic constraints on the choice of subject vs. object controller are discussed. While topicality and telicity exert some influence, pragmatic factors can override the tendencies thus induced. Instrumental case marking on the adjective, on the other hand, still allows for two interpretations, but object-related readings seem to be caused by the interpretation of the accusative-marked noun phrase as subordinate clause subject. The contrasting zero marking seems to be neutral, while the dative marking is not discussed. Adjective resultatives are restricted to zero marking and predictable results of transitive predications, but are not the primary means to express resultative meaning.

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