Overview of lightning observation network with ELF-VLF electromagnetic measurements over Tokyo Metropolitan Area

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An Extremely Low Frequency−Very Low Frequency (ELF−VLF) radio wave observation network system in the Tokyo metropolitan area has been newly established to detect lightning activity and investigate the characteristics of heavy rainfall induced by thunderstorms. The VLF electromagnetic waveforms induced by lightning (commonly known as “sferics”) were observed at three sites (Hachioji, Yokosuka, and Koto) from the Baiu season until mid-summer 2013. The observed VLF sferics were used to detect lightning frequency and estimating the geo-locate the lightning source according to the time of arrival (TOA) method. The preliminary results suggest that this system could detect the lightning signals from convective cloud systems, despites differences in detection sensitivity and diurnal cycles between sites. Further studies are required to optimize the observation network system and refine the VLF sferics analysis method to enable the collection of high-accuracy

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