Long-run Changes in the Emission Intensities of Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom : A DEA Approach

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Using the emission intensity index, this study examines long-run changes in environmental performance by applying a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. The analysis of time-series data from 1890-1992 reveals important implications for Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom. This study confirms that the emission intensity indices of all three countries were at their highest before the Second World War. Thus, environmental performance deteriorated before the Second World War and improved after it. Furthermore, the emission intensity indices were high at low-income levels. Therefore, progressive improvements in income levels led to better environmental performance and economic development.

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