The DNA damage responses: important determinants of the biological responses to radiation

• Hosoya Noriko

  Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo

• Miyagawa Kiyoshi

  Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo

抄録

The actions and biological effects of radiation are diverse and complex, starting from the early stages when radiation energy is deposited into the biological systems and DNA damage is induced, and continuing into the late stages when the actual health effects appear. To understand these processes comprehensively, knowledge from a broad range of fields will be needed, including physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. Ultimate biological consequences of radiation exposure depend not only on the doses, dose rates, fractionation, source and quality of radiation, but also on other factors, such as age, lifestyles, environments, tissue oxygen concentration, and genetic backgrounds that determine the repair capacity for DNA damages in each individual. Responses to the DNA damages are activated upon induction of any type of the DNA damages by radiological and non-radiological causes, and play a critical role in preventing clinically detectable adverse effects due to the DNA damages. Hereditary defects in the DNA damage responses lead to high-risk groups for radiation-induced diseases, including cancer, and in such "radiosensitive" populations, even low-dose radiation exposure can cause severe health effects. Further genetic and molecular biological approaches are needed to identify all the high-risk groups for radiation-induced diseases and to develop effective therapies for these conditions based on the radiosensitivity of each individual.

収録刊行物

• Journal of Integrated Creative Studies

  Journal of Integrated Creative Studies 2015 1-11, 2015-03-10

  京都大学未来創成学国際研究ユニット

キーワード

• DNA damage responses
• Radiation
• Health effects
• Cancer
• Radiosensitivity

詳細情報

• CRID: 1390290699810094848
• NII論文ID: 120005650267
• DOI: 10.14989/199809
• ISSN: 24240370
• HANDLE: 2433/199809
• 本文言語コード: en
• データソース種別:
  • JaLC
  • IRDB
  • CiNii Articles
• 抄録ライセンスフラグ: 使用可