「社會的」な個の誕生 : 胡適の自傳および傳記について

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • The Molding of the Social Self : Hu Shih's (Auto) biographical Writings and His Concept of the Society
  • シャカイテキ ナ コ ノ タンジョウ コテキ ノ ジデン オヨビ デンキ ニ ツイテ
  • 「社会的」な個の誕生 : 胡適の自伝および伝記について

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抄録

Modern Chinese writers often used diaries, letters, and notes (zhaji 箚記) in order to describe the individual. On the one hand, Lu Xun's "Diary of a Madman" and Xu Zhenya's Yulihun 玉梨魂, both of which were under the influence of Western literature but were widely acclaimed by antithetical readers, adopted the epistolary or diary style. On the other hand, Hu Shih, who studied in the United States in 1910s, recognized the value of autobiography and biography and attempted to introduce them to China. Accepting Ralph Waldo Emerson's thought that everything in the universe has its own truth and meaning, Hu published the aggregation of his own notes and diaries that described plenty of trivial experiences in the U.S., which he considered as the ideal materials of autobiography. At the same time, his biographies took up various kinds of people including not only famous novelist Wu Jingzi 呉敬梓 but also an unknown woman Li Chao 李超. As one of the most influential democrats at that time, Hu attempted to eliminate the distinction between high and low social status in his writing biographies. In contrast to Lu Xun who was deeply pessimistic about achieving integrity and fairness in China, Hu optimistically believed that (auto) biographical writings made it possible to represent the real facts of life. Actually Hu was not the first writer to understand the value of biography. For example, in 1900s Liang Qichao attempted to reshape the style of biography and establish the precedent of entrepreneurs in Chinese past. The subject of Liang Qichao's biography was limited to patriots who had enterprising spirit, unlike that of Hu Shih's. This difference was derived from the different view of society between them. Liang was greatly influenced by Tongo Takebe 建部遯吾, a famous Japanese sociologist, who considered society as an united organism. On the other hand, Hu denied such a thought, and intended to emphasize the value of the social interaction between individuals instead. According to his idea, the society should be conceived as an "immortal" network that included a myriad of the details of everyday life. His (auto) biographical writings based on diaries, letters and notes were directly connected to his strong faith to social areas.

収録刊行物

  • 中國文學報

    中國文學報 80 48-72, 2011-04

    京都大學文學部中國語學中國文學硏究室內中國文學會

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