ホメロスの環は閉じられない : 古代叙事詩の再生をめぐって (2)

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  • The Homeric Cycle Will Not Be Broken: On the Rebirth of the Ancient Epic Poetry (2)
  • ホメロス ノ カン ワ トジラレナイ : コダイ ジョジシ ノ サイセイ オ メグッテ(2)

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Homerʼs Odyssey is an epic narrative of the hero who, after the long wanderings, returns to his home and finds his wife wooed by many suitors and his household facing a critical situation due to their continuous consumption. This paper has discussed for what purposes the suitors want to marry Penelope and through what stages their intentions are modified, with the result that they turn out to be aiming not so much at material property and even the heroʼs wife herself as at public honor and maximized social evaluation with which they can gain the position and prestige of paramount chief (basileus). The contest of bow and the subsequent deadly battle in the last books can be seen as a conflict where competitive values such as the highest status in community (polis) and the head of noble family (oikos) are engaged. It is by enacting those values, first in a “harmless” and then in a “harmful” struggle, that Odysseus recovers his dual identity in home and the society of Ithaca. The simultaneous and compound performance of those distinct, but related, values in a violent fighting seems to represent, in contrast with simpler heroic battles in the Iliad, the broader perspective from which the poet viewed the real tension and close relation between public (political) and familial (economic) life in his contemporary Greek world.

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