高齢者における希死念慮と二次元レジリエンス要因との関連

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  • コウレイシャ ニ オケル キシ ネンリョ ト ニジゲン レジリエンス ヨウイン ト ノ カンレン
  • The relationship between suicidal ideation and bi-dimensional resilience among elderly people.

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本研究は, 高齢者の希死念慮とレジリエンスの関連を明らかにし, 高齢者の自殺予防のあり方を検討することを目 的とした. 秋田県Ａ市の60歳以上の住民954人を対象とし, 健康推進員に調査対象への調査票配布を依頼した. 回収は対象者 から直接郵送法とした. 調査内容は二次元レジリエンス要因尺度, 過去(最近１ヶ月間を除く) と最近１ヶ月間のそ れぞれの希死念慮の有無, 抑うつ度(K６), 情緒的サポートである. その結果, 希死念慮の有無による二次元レジリエンス要因尺度得点の比較では, 過去あり群と最近あり群のそれぞ れにおいて, ｢資質的レジリエンス要因｣の４つの下位因子全てとその合計点, ｢獲得的レジリエンス要因｣の下位因 子｢問題解決思考｣｢自己理解｣とその合計点で過去なし群と最近なし群が有意に高かった. 過去と最近の希死念慮 の有無をクロス集計したところ, 過去あり群の60.7％が最近あり群であり, 過去なし群の99.4％が最近なし群であっ た. 過去に希死念慮を抱いた人は再び抱きやすく, 過去に希死念慮を抱いたことのない人は, その後も抱くことがほ とんどない傾向にあった. これらの結果から, 高齢者に対してレジリエンスに注目した自殺予防対策の可能性があること, 過去に希死念慮が あった人を対象に自殺予防対策を行うことが効果的であることが示唆された.

The present study sought to clarify the relationship between suicidal ideation and bi-dimensional resilience among the elderly in order to determine effective measures for suicide prevention. A self-completed questionnaire was distributed to 945people of 60 years of age and older who lived in City A, Akita Prefecture, by health promotion volunteers. The completed questionnaires were sent back to the researchers by post. The questionnaire included a bi-dimensional resilience scale that inquired about suicidal ideation in the past (excluding the most recent 30 days), the most recent 30 days, depression (K6scale), and emotional support. The results showed that the bi-dimensional resilience factor scores did not differ between respondents who reported suicidal ideation and those who did not. In comparison to the respondents who did not report suicidal ideation, those who reported suicidal ideation in the past (excluding the most recent 30 days) had significantly higher scores for all four of the sub-factors of innate resilience, as well as two sub-factors of acquired resilience, attempting to solve problems and self-understanding. The same result was observed in the people who had reported suicidal ideation in the most recent 30 days. A cross tabulation analysis showed that 60.7％ of the people who had suicide ideation in the past also had suicidal ideation recently; whereas 99.4％ of those who had no suicidal ideation in the past had no suicidal ideation in the most recent 30 days. This suggests that those who had suicidal ideation in the past could easily develop suicidal ideation again, while those without suicidal ideation in the past were unlikely to develop suicidal ideation in future. This study revealed that resilience in elderly people should be given more attention in suicide prevention efforts and suggests that suicide prevention policies.

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