A case-control study of endometrial cancer especially with reference to lifestyle and other factors of Japanese women

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Abstract

Japanese women's anthropometries and their lifestyles have been gradually changing since 1945. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study in order to explore the relationship of anthropometries, physical activity and other risk factors of endometrial cancer (EC) in Japanese women. This study of EC was conducted between January 2003 and March 2008 in Sapporo, Japan. Informed written consent was obtained from 191 patients and 419 population-based control subjects. The items surveyed were body height and weight, physical activity, past history, family history, menstruation, post-menopausal status, reproductive history, and so on. An adjusted odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated with the multivariate unconditional logistic regression model. The number of pregnancies (Ptrend=0.004) and number of live-births (Ptrend<0.001) were significantly associated with EC risk. Oral contraceptive use was not significantly associated with reduced EC risk when age, area, BMI and number of live-births were adjusted. Adult obesity significantly increased the risk of EC. In addition, the amount of maximum weight gained since the age of 20 years old was strongly related to an increase of EC risk (Ptrend<0.001). When, age, area, BMI, and the number of live-births were adjusted, the duration of physical activity at a certain time was marginally associated with reduced risk of EC (Ptrend=0.050). Light-moderate alcohol consumption (0.1~59.9g per opportunity) was significantly related to the decreased risk of EC even after age, area, BMI and number of live-births were adjusted (P<0.05). We conclude that further study is necessary to clarify the relationship between physical activity and light-moderate alcohol consumption with the reduced risk of EC.

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