幼児の運動パフォーマンスの二極化傾向と性，年齢， 体力，運動スキルおよび発現契機との関連

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  • Bipolarization of motor performance and its relationship With gender differences, age, physical fitness, movement skills and promptness of performance in preschool-aged children
  • ヨウジ ノ ウンドウ パフォーマンス ノ ニキョクカ ケイコウ ト セイ, ネンレイ, タイリョク, ウンドウ スキル オヨビ ハツゲン ケイキ ト ノ カンレン

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between bipolarization, defined as kurtosis of a distribution curve, and the characteristics of motor performance in early childhood. Subjects were 1,416 preschool aged children who completed an eighteen-item motor ability test. After outlying scores on the all items were rejected, the mean, standard deviation, and kurtosis were calculated for each gender and age group. Multiple regression analysis using a dummy variable was conducted in order to evaluate the relationship between bipolarization and the characteristics of performance. The test items that showed bipolarization based on kurtosis of the distribution curves was “standing jump (girls, 6-7 yr.)”. The level of bipolarization was most closely related to movement skills, followed in order by promptness of performance, age, physical fitness, and gender. Significant bipolarization was observed for jumping, throwing and internal prompt of performance among children over 6 yr. of age. Regarding the difference between the actual kurtosis value and the presumptive value determined by multiple regression analysis, some test items, specifically “25 meter run (girls, 4-5 yr.)” and “hurdle run (girls, 5-6 yr.)”, showed more significant bipolarization than similar items.

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