Profiling of Serum Autoantibodies in Japanese Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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type:TOHO University Scholarly Publication

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Background: Conventional serum markers frequently yield negative results in the early stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum IgG autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens have been reported even in the early stages. However, very little information is available for Japanese patients with HCC. This study aimed to profile serum autoantibodies in Japanese patients with HCC, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems based on tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) /antigenic fragments. Methods: Sera were obtained from patients with HCC at stages I (n = 11), II (n = 30), and III (n = 9). In total, 18 serum autoantibodies were detected using ELISA. The TAAs used were RalA, Hsp70, p90, KM-HN-1, Ny-ESO-1, Galectin-1, Sui1, p53, Annexin A2, Prx6, VEGF, c-myc, HCC-22-5, p62, HCA25a, HER2, Hsp40, and Cyclin B1. Results: The positive rates of autoantibodies against RalA (24%), Hsp70 (22%), and P90 (20%) were the highest. Among 50 patients who showed seropositivity, 40 (80%) showed seropositivity for at least one antibody and 27 (54%) showed seropositivity for two or more antibodies. The positive rates of serum autoantibodies at each stage were as follows: 91% for stage I, 80% for stage II, and 67% for stage III. Conclusions: We developed ELISA systems to detect autoantibodies and successfully profiled 18 serum autoantibodies in Japanese patients with HCC. As pleural antibody responses were detected even in patients with stage I tumors, combination assay for these autoantibodies may be useful to detect early-stage HCC. Clinical trial registration number: UMIN 000014530.

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