クレイム申し立ての認識論と「出会い損ない」 ――カミングアウト/クローゼット論を手がかりとして

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タイトル別名
  • An Epistemology of Claim-Making Activities and “Missed Encounters” Based on Theories of Coming Out/the Closet
  • クレイム モウシタテ ノ ニンシキロン ト 「 デアイ ソコナイ 」 : カミングアウト/クローゼットロン オ テガカリ ト シテ

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The objective of this paper is to critically examine the problems surrounding a constructionism of social problems, which is rooted in the concept of claim-making activity, by returning to its original model. 　The concept of claim-making analyzes the activities of people who construct social problems, the idea for which was taken from the surge of minorities who came out in the 1960s and 70s. However, the constructionism of social problems has an underlying methodological problem, as it ignores its pair concept: that of the closet. Until now, the magnetic field of epistemological power that is able to understand people’ s activities in advance–what Eve Sedgwick termed “the epistemology of the closet” ̶has been overlooked. When researchers use the concept of claim-making, they make the activities of people both divisible and comprehensible, which in turn makes Erving Goffman’s “encounter” possible. Yet, at the same time, it is an act of power that involves the removal of things that are not understandable, and through this, researchers obtain a kind of self-contained pleasure through their discovery of “truth.” 　The key to overcoming such problems inherent in the constructionism of social problems lies within the experiences traditionally discarded as being “incomprehensible.” Third World feminist scholar Mari Oka recalled such experiences as being a type of “missed encounter.” Through conducting a ceaseless dialogue with the experience of “missed encounters,” which are recursive in nature like trauma, one can re-imagine/re-create the reality one has safely inhabited until the present. In fact, this may be the only significant task permitted by a constructionism of social problems.

収録刊行物

  • Gender and Sexuality

    Gender and Sexuality (10), 33-60, 2015-03-31

    国際基督教大学ジェンダー研究センター

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