A bifurcation of rural gentrification? : An experience of Sasayama, Hyogo

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Gentrification has been regarded as a very urban phenomenon unique to the inner city. It is the process of reinvestment by capital in old, deteriorated districts, resulting in changes in the landscape and the constitution of social class, as well as displacing existing low-income residents. However, gentrification is believed to occur not only in the inner city but also in rural areas. Hence, how do we understand this ‘rural' gentrification phenomenon? This paper tries to provide a possible understanding of ‘rural gentrification', by referring to characteristics of the contemporary economy. In the setting of the contemporary ‘economy of enrichment', (re)valuation of a place is regarded as a crucial process and it can lead to two divergent outcomes; it might produce ‘commons', while also risking the problem of gentrification. This study examines this bifurcation of ‘rural gentrification', specifically in Sasayama. Sasayama is a small city in Hyogo prefecture located nearly 50 km away from large cities in the Kansai such as Osaka, Kyoto and Kobe. It faces the serious problems common to rural areas, such as an ageing population, population decline and a rise in the number of vacant houses. Meanwhile, a series of renovation projects is being undertaken and measures towards community revitalisation are being conducted.

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