イデオロギーと現実の言語使用の差異に対する意識化 : 日本語学習者の語用論的能力育成につながる活動

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  • イデオロギー ト ゲンジツ ノ ゲンゴ シヨウ ノ サイ ニ タイスル イシキカ : ニホンゴ ガクシュウシャ ノ ゴヨウロンテキ ノウリョク イクセイ ニ ツナガル カツドウ
  • Bridging the Divide Between Ideology and Actual Language Use: Activities for the Development of Japanese Language Learner Pragmatic Competence

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Abstract

In this research, we conducted a survey on Japanese language learners' knowledge and depth of understanding of the use of desu/-masu and plain forms. While traditional accounts have pointed out the distinction between ideological rules and actual use, we attempted to raise learners' awareness of the difference by conducting activities in which examples of "non-stereotypical" type language use that deviated from the normative stereotypes were introduced. For comparative purposes, we also asked Japanese university students to complete a questionnaire on their understandings of the use of desu/-masu and plain forms, and then participate in the activities held for Japanese learners. Our data comes from: (1) a written questionnaire completed by both Japanese and international students, (2) discussions between pairs of Japanese and international students, (3) discussions among groups of two Japanese and two international students, and (4) a follow-up questionnaire survey completed by group discussion participants. Key points that emerged from the data include: both Japanese and international students became aware (1) of the importance of appropriate desu/-masu and plain form use within one’s group, (2) that desu/-masu and plain form use is closely interlinked with language ideologies, and (3) that rather than use of desu/-masu and plain forms being determined by consideration of the social context and discourse participants, speakers make active and strategic choices in their selection of the forms.

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