Capacity of dental pulp differentiation after tooth transplantation

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Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin matrix under pathological conditions, where the contribution of periodontal tissue to this event cannot be excluded. This study aimed to clarify the capability of dental pulp to deposit bone matrix through an auto-graft experiment using immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and nestin, and histochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Following the extraction of the molars of 3-week-old mice, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately transplanted into the sublingual region. On Days 5-7, tubular dentin formation commenced next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until Day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where intense TRAP-positive cells appeared. These results suggest that the odontoblast- and osteoblast-lineage cells reside in the dental pulp. Overall, specific dental pulp regeneration will provide fundamental knowledge for the realization of human tooth regeneration in the near future.

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