X-ray crystallographic studies on the hydrogen isotope effects of green fluorescent protein at sub-ångström resolutions

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  • 高場, 圭章
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
  • 花園, 祐矢
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University・Present address: Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center
  • 三木, 邦夫
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University・Present address: Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University
  • 竹田, 一旗
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
  • Miki, Kunio
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
  • Takeda, Kazuki
    Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

抄録

Hydrogen atoms are critical to the nature and properties of proteins, and thus deuteration has the potential to influence protein function. In fact, it has been reported that some deuterated proteins show different physical and chemical properties to their protiated counterparts. Consequently, it is important to investigate protonation states around the active site when using deuterated proteins. Here, hydrogen isotope effects on the S65T/F99S/M153T/V163A variant of green fluorescent protein (GFP), in which the deprotonated B form is dominant at pH 8.5, were investigated. The pH/pD dependence of the absorption and fluorescence spectra indicates that the protonation state of the chromophore is the same in protiated GFP in H2O and protiated GFP in D2O at pH/pD 8.5, while the pKa of the chromophore became higher in D2O. Indeed, X-ray crystallographic analyses at sub-ångström resolution revealed no apparent changes in the protonation state of the chromophore between the two samples. However, detailed comparisons of the hydrogen OMIT maps revealed that the protonation state of His148 in the vicinity of the chromophore differed between the two samples. This indicates that protonation states around the active site should be carefully adjusted to be the same as those of the protiated protein when neutron crystallographic analyses of proteins are performed.

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