山村福祉実践の視座

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  • サンソン フクシ ジッセン ノ シザ
  • Perspective of mountain village welfare practice

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Abstract

本稿は、山村での経済的合理性という現実と生活者の生活継続意思を支える様々な施策のなかで社会福祉実践はどのように位置付けられるのかを明らかにし、山村での福祉のあり方を検討する。山村における生活には、高齢化と社会資源不足、家族形態の変化といった課題がある。そして、山村における集落機能の維持（持続）可能性にかかる対策は、「振興」か「撤退」という二者択一となる。そのなかで、社会福祉実践は振興策への親和性の高さを見せる。しかし、過度な振興策への傾斜は、社会経済システムにおける継続性という点からは無責任な政策ともなりかねない。さらに、産業復興を基盤とした振興策は、「弱い市民」を捨象した「強い市民」からのみ成り立つ市民社会をベースにするため、社会福祉実践の対象者を排除してしまう危険性を内包する。そのため、このような経済の死角になりうる人々やただそこで生活することを支えることが社会福祉実践には求められる。

In the mountain village, it is required to support the living continuation of the residents in the economic rationality. The present study was to clarify the position of “Community-based integrated care systems” in the mountain village support. In this paper, it was examined the way of the future of “Community-based integrated care systems” from the positioning of the mountain village support. The life in the mountain village, there is a problem such as aging, social resources shortage, changes in the family structure. Then, policy for the purpose of sustainability of the mountain village becomes the choice between the two of "local development" or "withdrawal". Among the two choices, social welfare practice there is affinity to the "local development". On the other hand, the slope of the excessive "local development" is, become irresponsible support from the viewpoint of continuity in the socio-economic system. "local development", which was the foundation of industrial reconstruction, there is a risk to eliminate the "weak citizen" and the "strong citizen" to the society of the base. As a result of the above study, to support the people that have been excluded from the economic activity among the economic rationality it is can be obtained in social welfare practice.

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