大学生における幼少期に受けた俗信的しつけの経験と現在の道徳的判断タイプとの関連<教育科学>

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Abstract

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Superstitious sayings , e.g., “If you don’t finish your rice (even one grain of rice left), you will go blind”, are kinds of the disciplinary phrases of admonishment used in child-rearing situations. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the experience of discipline using superstitious sayings received in childhood and the current characteristics of moral judgments among 380 Japanese university students. Participants were presented with 13 kinds of superstitious sayings traditionally transmitted to Japanese society, and for each of the 13 items, they rated the degree to which they experienced in childhood and the experiences affected their current life. In addition, the participants were shown 25 items about socio-moral issues, and rated each of them the degree of personal freedom. Factor analysis was carried out on judgment scores of the personal freedom, and two factors (moral domain, conventional / personal domain) were extracted. The participants were classified to three types of moral judgments, i.e., domain-consistent type, excessive feelings of freedom type, and morally over-controlled type, as a result of the cluster analysis on two factor scores. Results of ANOVA showed that the morally over-controlled type students had significantly higher levels of experience and influence of the superstitious sayings than other types. This result was considered that the style of the discipline which brings a child fear and anxiety may distort a child's moral judgments, and will prevent moral autonomy in the future.

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