The Challenges and Prospects of Japan's Energy Security in East Asia since the 1990s

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Firstly, this paper analyzes Japan's energy security issues in East Asia since the 1990s by examining the literatures that represent each concept in each period based on the transformation of the concept of energy security. The globalisation has triggered the expansion of the market economy and the convergence of economic levels on a global scale. The movement of the geographical centre of energy demand has also changed the global energy supply and demand structure. On the other hand, the globalisation has been the cause of new isolationism, protectionism, and regionalism. Secondly, this paper examines Japan's non-traditional energy security issues since the 1990s, and sounds the alarm stating that Japan needs to rethink its energy security after observing instability in international order and uncertainty in energy transition policies and connectivity. Finally, this paper emphasizes that a comprehensive and enforceable multilateral legal framework is needed in East Asia, and East Asian countries and regions should seek to form common values regarding order, justice, and peace.

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