Spatio-Temporal Shoreline Changes on the Kaetsu Coast in the Central Part of Japan, and a Factors-Quantitative Analysis using a Geographical Information System

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  • 加越海岸における汀線の時空間変動とその要因－GISを用いた汀線変化の定量的解析－
  • カエツカイガン ニ オケル テイセン ノ ジクウカン ヘンドウ ト ソノ ヨウイン : GIS オ モチイタ テイセン ヘンカ ノ テイリョウテキ カイセキ

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Abstract

In recent years, coastal erosion has become a significant problem in Japan. To date, a great deal of research has been conducted on the issue. Although studies have been carried out on the secular change of coastal erosion, a number of problems have been identified. These include the following: 1) a short and fragmented survey period, and 2) the difficulty in identifying the locations of changed shorelines. In this study, spatio-temporal changes in the coastline along the entire area of the Kaetsu Coast which is located on the Sea of Japan side of central Japan were analyzed from the early 20th century to the present day. The purpose of this study is to grasp the changes in the coastline quantitatively and to examine the effects of human factors such as the installation of artificial structures and gravel exploitation on erosion. For the analysis, suspended topographic maps and aerial photographs were used as data materials and geometrically processed via a Geographical Information System. Furthermore, the coastline was traced manually, and the amount of change in the coastline was calculated. As a result, inland retreats of more than 70 meters of the coastline in some places on the Kaetsu Coast were detected. Coastline retreat was clearly observed around the mouth of the Tedori River before the Tedorigawa Dam was built in 1969. This retreat of the coastline could not be explained by the effect of the dam on sediment transportation. The authors concluded that the reason for the coastal retreat before the 1960s was gravel that had collected downstream of the Tedori River.

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