Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by adsorption using livestock biomass of Mongolia

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Background and objective: There is damaging pollution of heavy metals around the mining area in Mongolia. Therefore, it is a quite important mission to develop a removal and remediation methods of heavy metals. The objective of study was the preparation of adsorption materials based on biomasses of livestock and their removal performance of heavy metals from aqueous solution. Materials and Methods: The livestock biomasses, which are sheep manure, wool, and fat, are used to adsorb Cu （II）, Pb （II） and Cd （II）. The sheep wools treated with the alkaline solutions were also used for the adsorption. The materials morphology studies were made by SEM and EDAX analysis. The functional groups of the alkaline treated wool were determined by FTIR. The adsorption studies were made under various conditions, such as effects of pH, initial heavy metal concentration and NaOH treatment time. Results: In the morphology studies, a sheep wool cuticle was broken after treatment of NaOH and Na2S. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy data defined changes of treatment of wool by alkaline. The functional groups of alkaline treated wool were determined high intensity, comparing to the untreated wool. The adsorption amounts of heavy metals of Cu （II）, Pb （II） and Cd （II） were increased after the alkaline treatment. Thus adsorption amount increased with increasing NaOH treatment time 1 to 20 hours. Conclusions: It was concluded that the wool adsorbent treated by Na2S and NaOH would use as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from contaminated rivers.

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