Penetration of MeV electrons into the mesosphere accompanying pulsating aurorae

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  • Miyoshi, Y.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
  • Hosokawa, K.
    Graduate School of Communication Engineering and Informatics, University of Electro-Communications
  • Kurita, S.
    Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University
  • Oyama, S.-I.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University; National Institute of Polar Research; University of Oulu
  • Ogawa, Y.
    National Institute of Polar Research; The Graduate University for Advanced Studies; Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems
  • Saito, S.
    National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
  • Shinohara, I.
    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
  • Kero, A.
    Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu
  • Turunen, E.
    Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu
  • Verronen, P. T.
    Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu; Space and Earth Observation Centre, Finnish Meteorological Institute
  • Kasahara, S.
    Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo
  • Yokota, S.
    Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
  • Mitani, T.
    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
  • Takashima, T.
    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
  • Higashio, N.
    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
  • Kasahara, Y.
    Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University
  • Matsuda, S.
    Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
  • Tsuchiya, F.
    Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
  • Kumamoto, A.
    Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
  • Matsuoka, A.
    Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
  • Hori, T.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
  • Keika, K.
    Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo
  • Shoji, M.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
  • Teramoto, M.
    Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology
  • Imajo, S.
    Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
  • Jun, C.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
  • Nakamura, S.
    Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Abstract

Pulsating aurorae (PsA) are caused by the intermittent precipitations of magnetospheric electrons (energies of a few keV to a few tens of keV) through wave-particle interactions, thereby depositing most of their energy at altitudes ~ 100 km. However, the maximum energy of precipitated electrons and its impacts on the atmosphere are unknown. Herein, we report unique observations by the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) radar showing electron precipitations ranging from a few hundred keV to a few MeV during a PsA associated with a weak geomagnetic storm. Simultaneously, the Arase spacecraft has observed intense whistler-mode chorus waves at the conjugate location along magnetic field lines. A computer simulation based on the EISCAT observations shows immediate catalytic ozone depletion at the mesospheric altitudes. Since PsA occurs frequently, often in daily basis, and extends its impact over large MLT areas, we anticipate that the PsA possesses a significant forcing to the mesospheric ozone chemistry in high latitudes through high energy electron precipitations. Therefore, the generation of PsA results in the depletion of mesospheric ozone through high-energy electron precipitations caused by whistler-mode chorus waves, which are similar to the well-known effect due to solar energetic protons triggered by solar flares.

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