Geomorphological and geological features of pilgrimage sites of the Horagatani Historic Site, Shin-onsen Town, Hyogo Prefecture, Southwest Japan

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  • 兵庫県新温泉町新市洞ケ谷史跡内の霊場の地形・地質学的特徴

Abstract

The authors conducted a geomorphological and geological field survey to determine the relationship between natural environments and grottoes as pilgrimage sites, situated in the Horagatani Historic Site, Shin-onsen Town, Hyogo Prefecture, Southwest Japan. The authors reveal that the majority of grottoes in the mountains are located on the faces of cliffs, such as tuff breccia, at the Miocene Toyooka Formation of the Hokutan Group. From the viewpoint of microtopography, the authors observed grottoes in tafoni, consisting of tuffaceous materials. Modern-day worshippers at the pilgrimage sites may utilize relatively big tafoni to protect small shrines bearing statues related to folk religion from strong wind, heavy rain and snow during winter. Key words:tafoni, microtopography, tuff breccia, pilgrimage, Shugendo

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