Hydrogen sulfide induces Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and suppresses ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling in rat spinal cord astrocytes

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Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a variety of physiological functions. H2S reportedly increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+];) in astrocytes. However, the precise mechanism and functional role of this increase are not known. Here, we examined the effects of H2S on [Ca2+]; in astrocytes from the rat spinal cord and whether H2S affects ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling, which is known to be involved in synaptic function. Na2S (150 mu M), an H2S donor, produced a nontoxic increase in [Ca2+];. The [Ca2+]; increase by Na2S was inhibited by Ca2+ depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but not by removal of extracellular Ca2+, indicating that H2S releases Ca2+ from the ER. On the other hand, (NaS)-S-2 inhibited ATP-induced [Ca2+]; increase when Na2S clearly increased [Ca2+]; in the astrocytes, which was not suppressed by a reducing agent. In addition, Na2S had no effect on intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) level. These results indicate that oxidative post-translational modification of proteins and cAMP are not involved in the inhibitory effect of H2S on ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling. We conclude that H2S indirectly inhibits ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling by decreasing Ca2+ content in the ER in astrocytes. In this way, H2S may influence intercellular communication between astrocytes and neurons, thereby contributing to neuronal signaling in the nervous system.

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