Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid in an Experimental Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

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  • Takayama Fusako
    Departments of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Departments of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
  • Nakamoto Kazuo
    Departments of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Departments of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
  • Totani Nagao
    Department of Nutritional Physiology, Kobe Gakuin University
  • Yamanushi Tomoko
    Department of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural College of Health Sciences
  • Kabuto Hideaki
    Department of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural College of Health Sciences
  • Kaneyuki Takao
    Division Nutritional Science Faculty of Food Culture, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
  • Mankura Mitsumasa
    Departments of Anti-Aging Food Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Ikeda Tohka Industries Co., Ltd.

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Abstract

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) regulates the lipid metabolism and inflammation that is closely associated with oxidative stress. The present study investigated the effects of DHA on the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). To induce fatty liver, rats were fed choline-deficient high-fat diets (CDHF). The rats were then divided into 4 groups treated over the subsequent 6 weeks as follows: control, CDHF, CDHF+oxidative stress (NASH), and NASH+DHA (1.0 g/kg, p.o.). Rats of the control group were fed MF chow diet only. NASH rats showed severe steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. Treatment with DHA significantly decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio in the livers and increased plasma SOD like activity compared with NASH rats. In addition, DHA attenuated the liver fibrosis during NASH development. Therefore, a higher DHA ratio in the liver of NASH rats might regulate the inflammatory response through a low n-6 ratio and diminished oxidative stress, effectively inhibiting liver fibrosis during NASH progression. These results suggested that DHA is a novel functional food for the prevention of NASH.

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