総主教アタナシオスの遍歴時代

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タイトル別名
  • Living on the Holy Mountains
  • ソウシュキョウ アタナシオス ノ ヘンレキ ジダイ 13セイキ ビザンツ ニ オケル シュウドウシ ト セイザン
  • The ‘Wanderjahre’ of the Patriarch Athanasios I of Constantinople
  • 13世紀ビザンツにおける修道士と聖山

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the ‘Wanderjahre’ or early life of the patriarch Athanasios I of Constantinople (patriarch 1289-93; 1303-09). Previous studies have tended to focus on his policies and conflicts with various ecclesiastical groups during his two patriarchates since there exist abundant primary sources witnessing to his political and religious activity in Constantinople, including his own epistolary corpus and two Vitae composed after his death. In order to gain a further understanding of his life and deeds, however, it is also necessary to elucidate the background of his reforming policies as Patriarch, especially the effect of his early life on them. Basic questions still remain to be answered: How did he become influential not only among disciple monks but also at the court of the emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos (1282-1328)?, Why was his accession to the patriarchal throne viewed with considerable alarm by some of the contemporary ecclesiastics?, Why did he show considerable concern for the situation of Mount Athos?. A careful comparison between Athanasios and other major monastic figures in the thirteenth century reveals he had two intriguing characteristics. One was his preoccupation with rigorous and seclusive monastic life on the so-called holy mountains. He felt ideal remoteness and quietude could be provided only on such monastic mountains. The other was his decision to live an eremitic life on Mount Athos after spending many years in communal monastic life. This reflects the high priority he placed on the environment of Athos for living as a hermit and then for living with his own disciples. There is no doubt that, even after settling in a monastery in Constantinople at the request of the emperor, Athanasios maintained his own monastic ideals, antithetical to those of the educated elite who comprised the bureaucratic apparatuses of state and church, and thus his ecclesiastical leadership made a remarkable break with the tradition.

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  • オリエント

    オリエント 49 (2), 147-164, 2006

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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