スピノザと中世のヘブライ文法論争

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Spinoza and the Medieval Dispute on Hebrew Grammar among Jewish Scholars
  • スピノザ ト チュウセイ ノ ヘブライ ブンポウ ロンソウ ヘブライゴ ブンポ
  • Toward the Critical Edition of <i>Compendium Grammatices Linguae Hebraeae</i>
  • 『ヘブライ語文法綱要』の本文校訂のために

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抄録

Compendium Grammatices Linguae Hebraeae, as written in Spinoza's final years, is a hurried sketch of Hebrew grammar. Not satisfied with the popular Hebrew grammar at his time, Spinoza tried to reform it with a logical-historical thinking, so much as to account for the arbitrariness of all exceptions, and to free the study of the language from the myth of Hebrew as “Holy Tongue”. Modern critics, however, are quick to point out “mistakes” of Spinoza's grammar in light of today's understanding of Biblical Hebrew. Vloten and Land also shared the same critical view, so that they changed the text of the first print of 1677 in various essential points.<br>Questioning such a hyper-critical approach as of Vloten and Land who eventually made the “text” more sounding to the modern readers, the present author contends that Spinoza's grammar is misunderstood by modern critics due to the lack of attention to the medieval dispute on Hebrew grammar among the Jewish scholars; in particular, the paper attempts to illustrate the case with the Vloten's emendation which makes the text read “every shewa is a vowel which cannot be heard by itself, ” arguing that the emendation is wrong and unnecessary in light of the dispute between the two camps of medieval Hebrew grammarians (Joseph, Moshe, David Kimhis vs. the traditionalists such as Ibn Ezra, Abraham de Barmes) concerning the Hebrew vowels, and concluding that Spinoza responded to the medieval dispute by thinking of every shewa as “a vowel which can be heard by itself.” Thus, the paper demonstrates the significance of medieval Jewish sources to the study of Compendium Grammatices Linguae Hebraeae.

収録刊行物

  • オリエント

    オリエント 41 (1), 110-124, 1998

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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